Sunday, February 22, 2009

Curriculum Approaches

Curriculum practitioners and implementers may use one or more approaches in planning, implementing and evaluating the curriculum. Even textbook writers or instructional material producers have different curricular approaches.

The following are the five curriculum approaches:

1. Behavioral Approach. This is based on a blueprint, where goals and objectives are specified, contents and activities are also arranged to match with the learning objectives. The learning outcomes are evaluated in terms of goals and objectives set at the beginning. This approach started with the idea of Frederick Taylor which is aimed to achieve efficiency. In education, behavioral approach begins with educational plans that start with the setting of goals or objectives. These are the important ingredients in curriculum implementation as evaluating the learning outcomes as a change of behavior. The change of behavior indicates the measure of the accomplishment.

2. Managerial Approach. In this approach, the principal is the curriculum leader and at the same time instructional leader who is supposed to be the general manager. The general manager sets the policies and priorities, establishes the direction of change and innovation, and planning and organizing curriculum and instruction. School administrators are less concerned about the content than about organization and implementation. They are less concerned about subject matter, methods and materials than improving the curriculum. Curriculum managers look at curriculum changes and innovations as they administer the resources and restructure the schools.

Some of the roles of the Curriculum Supervisors are the following:

a. help develop the school's education goals
b. plan curriculum with students, parents, teachers and other stakeholders
c. design programs of study by grade levels
d. plan or schedule classes or school calendar
e. prepare curriculum guides or teacher guides by grade level or subject area
f. help in the evaluation and selection of textbooks
g. observe teachers
h. assist teachers in the implementation of the curriculum
i. encourage curriculum innovation and change
j. develop standards for curriculum and instructional evaluation

3. Systems Approach. This was influenced by systems theory, where the parts of the total school district or school are examined in terms of how they relate to each other. The organizational chart of the school represents a systems approach. It shows the line-staff relationships of personnel and how decisions are made. The following are of equal importance: a) administration b) counseling c) curriculum d) instruction e) evaluation.

4. Humanistic Approach. This approach is rooted in the progressive philosophy and child-centered movement. It considers the formal or planned curriculum and the informal or hidden curriculum. It considers the whole child and believes that in curriculum the total development of the individual is the prime consideration. The learner s at the center of the curriculum.

(Question: Does a principal with humanistic approach to curriculum emphasize most memorization of subject matter? Does the systems approach to curriculum consider only each part?)

Source: Curriculum Development by Purita P. Bilbao, et. al. LoreMar Pub., 2008

26 comments:

  1. May I know what is the fifth approach?

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    Replies
    1. (1) concentric Approach
      (2) Topic Approach
      (3) psychological Approach
      (4) Logical Approach
      (5) Learner centered Approach

      Delete
  2. Dear Dr. Olga,
    Thank you for posting the approaches for the effective implementation of the curriculum. I'm more on managerial approach. I have to influence teachers and parents to innovate instructional materials out of local things/ resources. As implementers, we could not expect that all our needs can be given /answered by government. I agree with the concept " Make things to happen instead of waiting things to happen".

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  3. ..we also used the same book as reference in our curriculum dev't..i seldom find curriculum books that explai about the curriculum approaches

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  4. which model and approach is suitable in developing an adult learning curriclum?

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  5. What is the panic approach in curriculum planning?

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  6. Dear Sir/Madame,

    Greetings!

    I am a student in Polytechnic University of the Philippines, currently taking up PBTE (Post Baccalaureate in Teacher Education), and as part of my research, am presently gathering information for educational purposes and thesis writing, therefore, I ‘d like to ask your good office some questions and assistance with regard to the following topics:

    A. Model of curriculum designs
    B. Types and approaches of curriculum designs
    C. Principles that guide curriculum designs

    Hoping and praying for your immediate response.
    Thank you for your time and your assistance are highly appreciated.
    God bless!

    Best regards,
    Monaliza Lanuza

    ReplyDelete
  7. Dear Sir/Madame,

    Greetings!

    I am a student in Polytechnic University of the Philippines, currently taking up PBTE (Post Baccalaureate in Teacher Education), and as part of my research, am presently gathering information for educational purposes and thesis writing, therefore, I ‘d like to ask your good office some questions and assistance with regard to the following topics:

    A. Model of curriculum designs
    B. Types and approaches of curriculum designs
    C. Principles that guide curriculum designs

    Hoping and praying for your immediate response.
    Thank you for your time and your assistance are highly appreciated.
    God bless!

    Best regards,
    Monaliza Lanuza

    ReplyDelete
  8. what are the unified ,interdiscplinary and correlated curriculums?

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  9. hello!! my name is ADRIAN NAVARRO, just want to ask if there are more curriculum approaches aside from the five approaches?

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  10. What is frymier-hawn approach?

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  11. Hello My Name is Earnest I have a question

    What is the importance of change and innovation in curriculum development?

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  12. How are these approaches applied in competence based curriculum

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  14. what is the importance of these approaches?

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  15. Why approach used in the curriculum? Cite some examples to support your answer.

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  16. Can i ask example of all those approaches ? Thanks in advance

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  17. thank you to the writer. Can I ask .Components of curriculum and curricular approaches

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  20. Very helpful info. Thanks for sharing

    ReplyDelete